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Fed held rates 9-3, and the minutes show the hawks were not just the three who voted no

Political Guyentist · August 20, 20263 min read

THE HILL

Minutes from the July 28-29 meeting, released Wednesday, Aug. 19, say "many participants" thought a rate increase would be needed if inflation stays high.

The Federal Reserve left interest rates alone at its July 28-29 meeting, and the written account of that meeting, released Wednesday, Aug. 19, shows how many officials are close to voting for an increase. The Fed's rate-setting group, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), held its benchmark rate — the one that feeds mortgage, car-loan and credit-card rates — at 3.50-3.75 percent, down from a 2024 peak of 5.25-5.50 percent. The vote was 9-3, the fifth straight meeting with no change; the three dissenters wanted a quarter-point increase. The Fed publishes this account about three weeks after each meeting. This one showed mounting concern about inflation that has stayed above the Fed's 2 percent goal for more than five years — the Fed's preferred price gauge ran 3.7 percent in June, about 1.7 points above that goal. Multiple officials said an interest-rate increase could become necessary later this year, and many participants viewed a move as potentially warranted if inflation does not come down. Some officials said financial conditions may not be tight enough to slow prices at all. The Financial Times, reporting on the same account, wrote that "many members of the FOMC thought a rate increase would soon be warranted if inflation remains high." Most participants still expected inflation to decline on its own.

What the three dissenting votes brokeCleveland's Beth Hammack, Minneapolis's Neel Kashkari and Dallas's Lorie Logan all voted no the same way, for a quarter-point…5 details
  • Cleveland's Beth Hammack, Minneapolis's Neel Kashkari and Dallas's Lorie Logan all voted no the same way, for a quarter-point increase — the first three-way, same-direction dissent since September 2016.
  • It is the largest dissent against a new Fed chair since Arthur Burns in 1970, per St. Louis Fed records, and Kevin Warsh, the new chair, has run only two meetings.
  • Two more regional presidents who do not hold a vote this year, Kansas City's Jeff Schmid and St. Louis's Alberto Musalem, were reported to be in the same camp.
  • Voting against the decision is rare in normal times: about 6 percent of all Fed votes since 1957.
  • Warsh also floated cutting the Fed's meeting count from eight a year to six, which would mean fewer scheduled chances to move rates.
Currently showing The policy rate has fallen below inflation
The policy rate has fallen below inflation
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The policy rate has fallen below inflationFed funds rate (midpoint) vs PCE inflation and 2% target5.5%5%4%3%2%1.5%2024Early 2025Late 2025Jul 2026Percent2% targetPCE 3.7%Peak 5.25–5.50%−1.75 ptsHeld 3.50–3.75%Rate below inflationSource: The Hill, FT, BEA. Rate is midpoint of target range. PCE is Jun 2026.

What we’re less sure of5 of 8 claims

Red take

A quarter point costs borrowers real money now, and most participants still expect inflation to fall on its own — but that has been the forecast through more than five years above the Fed's 2 percent goal. Holding at 3.50-3.75 percent for a fifth straight meeting buys borrowers a discount today and charges wage earners for it in purchasing power they never get back.

Blue take

The minutes record a conditional — many participants thought a hike would be needed if inflation stays high — while most participants still expected inflation to decline on its own. Raising before that condition is met sends the bill straight to mortgage, car-loan and credit-card borrowers to insure a risk the committee's own forecast does not expect. The 9-3 hold makes borrowers wait for evidence rather than pay ahead of it.

Read more about: Traders put September at roughly 69 percent no-change, with a hike as a 30 percent tail

Betting markets read the minutes as a warning rather than a decision: the first meeting where a hike is close to a coin flip is December, not September.